In accordance with the RA law "On Ensuring Road Safety", the initial training on driving vehicles must be conducted:

Explanation

On closed sites or autodromes.

Initial driver training — the first sessions, when the learner has no basic control of the vehicle yet — must take place on a closed site or an autodrome, away from public traffic.

The reasoning is straightforward: a learner who cannot yet coordinate clutch, brake and steering is a hazard on a public road, to themselves and to everyone else. Only once the basic skills are in place does training move onto public roads. The same question sometimes appears worded as "practical training"; the answer does not change.

Why the other answers are wrong

• On roads outside populated areas, taking into account the intensity of vehicular traffic. — Roads outside built-up areas carry higher speeds, which makes them more dangerous for a beginner, not safer.
• On any road (except highways) taking into account the intensity of vehicle traffic. — "Any road except highways" still means a public road with live traffic — not a place for first lessons.

Legal basis: RA Law "On Ensuring Road Traffic Safety"